雅思考试技巧：汉译英八大戒!(下)

五、戒结构单调，组合生硬“拉郎配”

由于汉英结构不同，表达方式迥异，硬性翻译不仅读起来别扭，而且会闹出笑话。这就要求译者在翻译时灵活使用整合的技巧，将句子整合，凸显汉语中所隐含的层次，补充所缺失的成分。有时要将简单句译成并列句，有时将并列句译成主从句。

在纪念大学毕业20周年聚会时，我忽然问起原来的班主任：“我个子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢?”

At the reunion party for 20 anniversary of graduation from university, I suddenly asked my former teacher in charge of our class then:” Since I am not of short stature, how did you arrange me at the first row­”

一个高度近视的女博士去擦鞋店擦高统靴，秃头老板亲自蹲下来给她效劳。

When a woman doctor who suffers a severe myopicwent to shoes-polishing shop for her buskins，the bald boss squatted down to serve her personally.

六、戒“愚忠”，不谙增减之道

我们耳熟能详的东西外国人可能会感到一头雾水，译者需要增加必要的说明和补充或者减译。否则，外国人会不知所云。毕竟，汉译英最终是给外国人看的。

例如：风水

fengshui——the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family.

七、戒语句重复

汉语多重复，以强化语气;英语则要尽量避免重复。

王曰：“此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天;不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。”

“The bird may not have flown yet”, replied the King, “Once it does, it will soar to the sky. I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone.”(杨宪益译《史记-滑稽列传》)

中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。

八、戒另起炉灶，走失精气神

译文要力求其“信”，尽可能契合汉语原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。

例如，元朝人王实甫写下了《西厢记》，张雪静改编后并作了翻译——

掏出张生那封信，回头环视见梳妆台上的梳妆盒，眼睛一转，心里说有了，将信放了进去，合上盖时故意压了一角露在外面。

Rose took out Zhang's letter, she thought, “It would be better to put it in her make-up case, and letter find it herself.” So she put the letter in the case, leaving a corner of it sticking out, so that it would be quickly noticed.

不难看出，译文与原文相去甚远，互不吻合，成了“两张皮”。

你已经死在过深的怨愤里了吗?

死?不，不，我还活着——

请给我以火，给我以火!

Have you perished in this deep rancor and bitterness­

Death­ No, no. I'm still alive.

Please give me a light, give me a light!

更多资讯：可以点击新航道教育