雅思基本功训练：状语从句的简化

Part I：单词与短语

a clear conscience 一个透明的良知(问心无愧);butcher n.屠户;wallet n.钱包;savings n.积蓄;villager n.村里人;be wrapped up in newspaper包在报纸里;contain vt.装着，盛着;pay back(动词短语)归还(钱)

Part II：语法学习

1.状语从句的简化

我们学过了定语从句的简化过程，这里再系统学习状语从句的简化规则。请记住：当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时便可以进行简化。简化时，把状语从句的动词根据主动与被动需要处理成从属性的ing形式或过去分词形式即可。

示例1：Sam lost his wallet while he was taking his savings to the post office.

èSam lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.或：While taking his savings to the post office, Sam had lost his wallet.

示例2：When the city is seen from the top of the hill, it looks very small.

èSeen from the top of the hill, the city looks very small.

示例3：Since I have finished my work for today, I will go out for a long walk.

èHaving finished my work for today, I will go out for a long walk.

2.定语从句的继续

示例：It contained half the money (which) he had lost.(which作宾语，可以省略)

Part III：综合训练

The whole village soon learnt (1) a large sum of money (2) been lost. Sam, the local butcher, lost his wallet (3) (4 take) his savings to the post office. Sam was sure (5) the wallet must (6) been (7 find) by one of the villagers, (8) it was not (9 return) to him. Three months passed (10) then one morning, Sam (11 find) his wallet (12) his front door. It (13) been (14 wrap) (15) in newspaper (16) it contained half the money he (17) lost, together (18) a note (19) said: “A thief? Yes, (20) only 50% a thief!” Two months later, some more money was sent (21) Sam (22) another note: “Only 25% a thief now!” (23) time, all Sam’s money was (24 pay) back (25) this way. The last note (26 say): “I am 100% honest now!”

答案：

(1) that; (2) had; (3) while; (4) taking; (5) that; (6) have; (7) found; (8) but; (9) returned; (10) and; (11) found; (12) outside; (13) had; (14) wrapped; (15) up; (16) and; (17) had; (18) with; (19) which; (20) but; (21) to; (22) with; (23) In; (24) paid; (25) in; (26) said

Part IV：句子翻译

1. 全村很快就知道了一大笔钱被弄丢了。

2. 当地的屠户Sam在带着积蓄到邮局去的时候把钱包给丢了。

3. Sam深信钱包一定已被村里某个人发现，但却没有被送还给他。

4. 三个月过去了，后来在一个早上，Sam在自家的前门外面发现了他的钱包。

5. 它被包在报纸里，里面装着他先前丢失的一半的钱，还有一张便条，上面写着：“一个贼?是的，但只是一个50%的贼!”

6. 两个月后，又一部分钱送还了Sam，同时还有另外一张便条：“现在只是25%的贼了!”

7. 最后，Sam所有的钱都以这种方式还了回来。

8. 最后一张便条写道：“我现在是100%的诚实了!”

答案：

1. The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

2. Sam, the local butcher, lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.

3. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.

4. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.

5. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: “A thief? Yes, but only 50% a thief!”

6. Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: “Only 25% a thief now!”

7. In time, all Sam’s money was paid back in this way.

8. The last note said: “I am 100% honest now!”

Part V：听力与口语训练

短对话1：

Woman: Is it all right if I ask you a personal question?

Man: You can ask, but I don’t promise to answer.

短对话2：

Woman: Want to go for a long walk or a bike ride?

Man: You don’t want to study now, do you?

短对话3：

Woman: I will wear this blue jacket. I like the color on me, don’t you think so?

Man: I think it looks terrific on you, really.

短对话4：

Man: I can’t find the kind of jogging shoes I want anywhere in town.

Woman: Why not order them on the Internet? It’s easier than running around the town looking for them.

短对话5：

Woman: Shall I lock the office now before I go home?

Man: Don’t bother. I’ll do it myself later.

e courses next semester.

Man: Wouldn’t four be wiser?

短对话7：

Man: I don’t think Jim particularly likes his cousin.

Woman: There have been hard feelings between them for years.

短对话8：

Woman: I hope you can help me organize some ideas for this composition.

Man: I’ve been having a hard time myself.

单词与短语

a personal question 一个私人问题;promise v.承诺;jacket n.茄克衫;terrific adj.极好的;jogging shoes 跑鞋;run around the town在市里兜来兜去;lock vt.锁上;bother v.费麻烦;wiser(adj.)更聪明的作法;particularly adv.特别地; organize vt.组织;composition n.作文;hard feelings不快的情感经历

Part VI：快速阅读

Fast Food(快餐)

Since the late 1900s, Americans have begun to fully(全面) believe in(信奉) their “fast food culture”(文化). In 1994 alone(仅仅), fast food restaurants in the United States sold over 5 billion(十亿) hamburgers(汉堡), making it a favorite(最受喜爱的) meal and an important commodity(商品). Each day in 1996, seven percent of the population(人口) ate at the 11,400 McDonald’s(麦当劳连锁店); males(男性) from their mid-teens to their early 30s made up(占) 75% of this business. By then, fast food had become a cultural(文化的) phenomenon(现象) that reached beyond(超越) America’s borders(边界). In 1996, McDonald’s owned(拥有) over 7,000 restaurants in other countries, including: 1,482 in Japan; 430 in France; 63 in China and so on. McDonald’s has also recognized(认识到) some cultural differences. In Germany, for example, the outlets(饮料机出水口，窗口) sell beer; in France, they sell wine and beer, and in Saudi Arabia(沙特), they have separate(分开的) sections(区域) for men and women and close(关门) four times a day for prayers(祈祷者). But for the most part(大多数情况下), the fast food fare(价格) is the same, maintaining(保持) the same culture(文化) on an international level(在国际范围内).

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